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Chapter: Fundamentals of Photonic Crystals for Telecom Applications

Jan Mitchell

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Published in Optical Fiber Telecommunications VIA: Chapter 4 Fundamentals Of Photonic Crystals For Telecom Applications Photonic Crystal Lasers (Optics And Photonics)

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Photonic crystals are a class of optical materials that have a periodic variation in their refractive index. This periodicity can be engineered to create materials with unique optical properties, such as the ability to control the flow of light and to create optical filters and waveguides. Photonic crystals have a wide range of potential applications in telecommunications, including the development of high-speed optical networks and the miniaturization of optical devices.

Fabrication of Photonic Crystals

Photonic crystals can be fabricated using a variety of techniques, including lithography, etching, and self-assembly. Lithography is a process in which a pattern is created on a semiconductor wafer using a mask. Etching is a process in which the pattern is transferred to the wafer using a chemical or plasma etch. Self-assembly is a process in which the photonic crystal is formed by the spontaneous organization of nanoparticles.

Optical Fiber Telecommunications VIA: Chapter 4. Fundamentals of Photonic Crystals for Telecom Applications—Photonic Crystal Lasers (Optics and Photonics)

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Optical Properties of Photonic Crystals

The optical properties of photonic crystals are determined by their periodic structure. The periodicity of the photonic crystal creates a bandgap in the material, which is a range of frequencies that cannot be propagated through the crystal. The bandgap can be engineered to control the flow of light and to create optical filters and waveguides.

Applications of Photonic Crystals in Telecom

Photonic crystals have a wide range of potential applications in telecommunications, including:

High-speed optical networks: Photonic crystals can be used to create high-speed optical networks by controlling the flow of light and reducing losses.
Miniaturization of optical devices: Photonic crystals can be used to miniaturize optical devices, such as optical filters and waveguides.
Optical sensors: Photonic crystals can be used to create optical sensors by detecting changes in the optical properties of the material.

Photonic crystals are a promising new class of optical materials with a wide range of potential applications in telecommunications. The ability to control the flow of light and to create optical filters and waveguides makes photonic crystals an ideal candidate for use in high-speed optical networks and the miniaturization of optical devices.

References

J. D. Joannopoulos, S. G. Johnson, J. N. Winn, and R. D. Meade, Photonic Crystals: Molding the Flow of Light, 2nd ed. (Princeton University Press, 2008).
K. Sakoda, Optical Properties of Photonic Crystals, 2nd ed. (Springer, 2005).
M. Born and E. Wolf, Principles of Optics, 7th ed. (Cambridge University Press, 1999).

Optical Fiber Telecommunications VIA: Chapter 4. Fundamentals of Photonic Crystals for Telecom Applications—Photonic Crystal Lasers (Optics and Photonics)

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